Delta-8 THC is a cannabinoid found in the cannabis sativa plant, but in small amounts. Most delta-8 products are made by converting CBD into delta-8 through a chemical process. This article will explore the key differences between delta-8 and delta-9 THC, including their effects, benefits, risks, and legal status.
Delta-8 vs. Delta-9: Chemical Structure and Effects
Both delta-8 and delta-9 THC interact with the body’s endocannabinoid system (ECS), which regulates various functions like mood, cognition, and pain perception. The primary difference lies in their chemical structure, specifically the location of a double bond. This seemingly minor variation results in delta-8 binding to the ECS differently than delta-9, leading to a less potent psychoactive effect. While both can induce euphoria and relaxation, delta-8 is often described as producing a milder “high” compared to delta-9.
“Delta-8 is a cannabinoid very similar to delta-9, the main active ingredient in regular cannabis,” explains Dr. Peter Grinspoon, M.D., a physician at Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School instructor, and cannabis specialist. “It triggers our cannabinoid receptors in the same way cannabis does.”
Potential Benefits and Uses of Delta-8
While research on delta-8 is still limited, a 2022 study in the Journal of Cannabis Research suggests potential benefits. Participants reported preferring delta-8 to delta-9 and other pharmaceuticals, with many using it as a delta-9 substitute. Reported effects included increased relaxation, euphoria, and pain relief.
Delta-8 is available in various forms, including edibles (gummies, brownies, candies), beverages, tinctures, and vape cartridges.
Risks and Concerns Surrounding Delta-8
The lack of regulation in the delta-8 market raises significant concerns. The FDA has not evaluated or approved delta-8 products, meaning their production process and purity are not standardized. This lack of oversight poses potential risks to consumers, including exposure to harmful contaminants.
“The delta-8 industry is entirely unregulated, and you have no idea what you’re consuming,” warns Dr. Grinspoon. “Many samples are contaminated with industrial byproducts.”
Furthermore, the long-term effects of delta-8 remain largely unknown. While likely similar to delta-9, more research is needed to understand its potential risks fully. Reported side effects include dry mouth, red eyes, memory impairment, paranoia, anxiety, and in more severe cases, vomiting, hallucinations, tremors, and loss of consciousness.
Conclusion: Navigating the Delta-8 Landscape
Delta-8 presents a complex issue. While it offers a potentially milder alternative to delta-9, the lack of regulation and potential risks necessitate caution. Until more research is available and the market is adequately regulated, consumers should proceed with caution and prioritize products from reputable sources that provide third-party testing results. Consulting with a healthcare professional before using delta-8 or any cannabis product is always recommended.
Reference:
[1] Kruger, J.S., Kruger, D.J. Delta-8-THC: Delta-9-THC’s nicer younger sibling? J Cannabis Res. 2022;4:4.
