Deciding between the 8.6 Blackout and .338 Federal cartridges can be complex, but COMPARE.EDU.VN simplifies the comparison, offering clarity on their unique capabilities. The 8.6 BLK shines in suppressed, short-barreled rifles, while the .338 Federal offers enhanced hunting performance over the .308 Winchester. Discover which cartridge aligns best with your shooting needs and preferences with a detailed cartridge comparison, caliber selection, and shooting performance analysis.
1. Introduction to 8.6 Blackout and .338 Federal
The world of ammunition offers a plethora of choices, each designed for specific purposes. Understanding the nuances between different cartridges is crucial for any shooter, hunter, or firearms enthusiast. Two such cartridges that often spark comparison are the 8.6 Blackout (BLK) and the .338 Federal. Both have their unique attributes, making them suitable for different applications. COMPARE.EDU.VN is dedicated to providing detailed comparisons to help you make informed decisions.
1.1. Background of the .338 Federal
The .338 Federal was created in 2006 by Federal Premium in collaboration with Sako. The concept was straightforward: neck up a .308 Winchester case to accommodate .338-caliber bullets. This resulted in a cartridge that offered improved hunting capabilities compared to the .308 Win, thanks to heavier bullet weights and a larger frontal surface area.
The .338 Federal typically pushes a 200-grain bullet to around 2,700 fps. While this is an effective cartridge for its intended purpose, it has limitations, particularly in suppressed shooting and short-barreled applications.
1.2. The Rise of the 8.6 Blackout
The 8.6 Blackout (BLK) is a newer cartridge developed by Q, the company known for the Honey Badger firearm. Based on a shortened 6.5 Creedmoor case, the 8.6 BLK is designed to excel in areas where the .338 Federal falls short, such as suppressed shooting and use in short barrels.
One of the key features of the 8.6 BLK is its ability to use heavy bullets in a short case, making it ideal for subsonic suppressed fire. Additionally, the 8.6 BLK’s unique 1:3″ twist rate allows for enhanced terminal ballistics, causing significant tissue disruption upon impact.
Alternative Text: Close-up of a cartridge case being necked down in a reloading press, illustrating the process of modifying a 6.5 Creedmoor case for the 8.6 Blackout.
2. Key Similarities Between 8.6 Blackout and .338 Federal
Despite their differences, the 8.6 Blackout and .338 Federal share some similarities. Understanding these commonalities provides a foundation for appreciating their unique attributes.
2.1. Bullet Caliber
Both cartridges fire bullets of the same caliber: .338-diameter projectiles. This means they both utilize the same size bullets, which can influence their ballistic performance and terminal effects.
2.2. Short-Action Compatibility
Both the 8.6 Blackout and .338 Federal are designed to function in short-action rifles. This means they can be used in standard bolt-action rifles and semi-automatic platforms like the AR-10.
2.3. Magazine Capacity
Since both cartridges are compatible with short-action rifles, the magazine capacity is generally equal when using the same platform. This allows for a similar number of rounds in the magazine, providing comparable firepower in terms of capacity.
3. Core Differences Between 8.6 Blackout and .338 Federal
The differences between the 8.6 Blackout and .338 Federal are significant and dictate their respective strengths and applications.
3.1. Case Design and Dimensions
The .338 Federal is based on a necked-up .308 Winchester case, while the 8.6 Blackout is based on a shortened 6.5 Creedmoor case. This difference in case design affects powder capacity, bullet seating depth, and overall cartridge length.
The 8.6 Blackout’s shorter case allows for the use of very heavy bullets without exceeding overall length limitations, making it suitable for subsonic loads. The .338 Federal, with its longer case, typically uses lighter bullets at higher velocities.
3.2. Intended Use Cases
The .338 Federal was primarily designed as a hunting cartridge, offering improved performance over the .308 Winchester. It is well-suited for medium to large game at moderate ranges.
The 8.6 Blackout, on the other hand, was designed with versatility in mind. It excels in suppressed shooting, short-barreled rifles, and scenarios where significant terminal ballistics are required. It is often used in tactical applications and hunting where subsonic performance is desired.
3.3. Supersonic vs. Subsonic Capabilities
The .338 Federal is primarily a supersonic cartridge, designed to deliver bullets at high velocities. While it can be loaded to subsonic levels, it is not its primary strength.
The 8.6 Blackout is highly versatile, capable of both supersonic and subsonic performance. Its design allows for stable and accurate subsonic flight, making it an excellent choice for suppressed shooting.
3.4. Twist Rate
One of the most significant differences between the two cartridges is the twist rate of the barrel required for optimal performance. The .338 Federal typically uses a standard twist rate, such as 1:10″ or 1:12″.
The 8.6 Blackout utilizes a very fast 1:3″ twist rate. This rapid twist is crucial for stabilizing the heavy bullets used in subsonic loads, as well as enhancing terminal ballistics by increasing the bullet’s rotational energy.
3.5. Availability and Cost
The .338 Federal has been commercially available for a longer period, resulting in broader availability and a more established market. Ammo and components are generally easier to find, and the cost is relatively moderate.
The 8.6 Blackout is a newer cartridge, and while its popularity is growing, it is not as widely available as the .338 Federal. Ammo and components can be more challenging to source, and the cost tends to be higher due to its niche status.
4. Ballistic Performance Comparison
Comparing the ballistic performance of the 8.6 Blackout and .338 Federal provides insights into their effective ranges, velocities, and energy transfer.
4.1. Velocity and Energy
The .338 Federal generally offers higher velocities compared to the 8.6 Blackout, especially with lighter bullets. A typical 200-grain bullet in .338 Federal can achieve velocities around 2,700 fps, generating significant energy.
The 8.6 Blackout, particularly in subsonic loads, has lower velocities, typically around 1,000 fps. However, the heavier bullets and faster twist rate contribute to significant energy transfer at closer ranges.
4.2. Trajectory
Due to its higher velocity, the .338 Federal exhibits a flatter trajectory, making it easier to engage targets at longer distances without significant bullet drop.
The 8.6 Blackout, especially in subsonic configurations, has a more curved trajectory. This requires more precise range estimation and holdover adjustments, limiting its effective range compared to the .338 Federal.
4.3. Effective Range
The .338 Federal is effective out to several hundred yards, making it suitable for open-country hunting and longer-range shooting scenarios.
The 8.6 Blackout is most effective at shorter ranges, typically within 200 yards. Its strengths lie in close-quarters engagements and scenarios where suppressed fire is desired.
4.4. Terminal Ballistics
Terminal ballistics refers to how a bullet behaves upon impact with a target. The .338 Federal delivers significant energy transfer due to its higher velocity and bullet weight, resulting in effective penetration and expansion.
The 8.6 Blackout, with its fast twist rate, enhances terminal ballistics. The rapid spin causes the bullet to destabilize and expand rapidly upon impact, creating a significant wound cavity. This is particularly effective with monolithic copper bullets, which maintain their integrity while causing extensive tissue damage.
Alternative Text: Assortment of Gorilla Ammunition boxes showcasing 8.6 Blackout rounds, including 210-grain Barnes TSX and 342-grain subsonic options, highlighting the variety available for different barrel lengths and applications.
5. Applications and Use Cases
Understanding the specific applications for each cartridge can help in making the right choice based on individual needs and shooting scenarios.
5.1. Hunting
The .338 Federal is primarily a hunting cartridge, well-suited for medium to large game such as deer, elk, and bear. Its higher velocity and flatter trajectory make it effective for longer-range shots in open terrain.
The 8.6 Blackout can also be used for hunting, particularly in scenarios where suppressed fire is desired or in close-quarters environments. It is effective for deer, hogs, and other medium-sized game at shorter ranges.
5.2. Tactical and Law Enforcement
The 8.6 Blackout is gaining popularity in tactical and law enforcement applications due to its versatility and effectiveness in suppressed rifles. Its ability to deliver significant terminal ballistics in close-quarters combat makes it a valuable option.
The .338 Federal is less common in tactical applications, as its strengths lie more in hunting and longer-range shooting scenarios.
5.3. Suppressed Shooting
The 8.6 Blackout excels in suppressed shooting due to its compatibility with subsonic loads and short-barreled rifles. It provides significant sound reduction while maintaining effective terminal performance.
The .338 Federal can be used with suppressors, but it is not optimized for subsonic performance. The sound reduction is less significant compared to the 8.6 Blackout in a subsonic configuration.
5.4. Short-Barreled Rifles
The 8.6 Blackout is ideally suited for short-barreled rifles, as it achieves complete powder burn in shorter barrels, minimizing muzzle flash and maximizing efficiency.
The .338 Federal can be used in short-barreled rifles, but it may experience a greater loss of velocity and increased muzzle flash compared to the 8.6 Blackout.
6. Reloading Considerations
For those who reload their ammunition, understanding the nuances of each cartridge is essential for achieving optimal performance and accuracy.
6.1. Component Availability
The .338 Federal has been around longer, so components such as brass, bullets, and reloading dies are more readily available.
The 8.6 Blackout is newer, so components may be harder to find, and you might pay a premium for them.
6.2. Powder Selection
The .338 Federal typically uses medium to slow-burning powders to achieve optimal velocities with bullets ranging from 180 to 210 grains.
The 8.6 Blackout, especially for subsonic loads, uses faster-burning powders to achieve stable and consistent performance with heavy bullets.
6.3. Bullet Selection
Both cartridges use .338-diameter bullets, but the 8.6 Blackout often utilizes heavier bullets designed for subsonic performance and enhanced terminal ballistics.
The .338 Federal uses a broader range of bullet weights, typically optimized for higher velocities and flatter trajectories.
Alternative Text: Ballistics table from Faxon Firearms displaying reloading data for 8.6 Blackout, including velocity estimates for 8, 12, and 16-inch barrels, and highlighting unique, ultralight super-sonic load data using a Barnes 160-grain TTSX bullet.
7. Advantages of 8.6 Blackout
The 8.6 Blackout offers several distinct advantages that make it a compelling choice for specific applications.
7.1. Superior Suppressed Performance
The 8.6 Blackout is optimized for suppressed shooting, providing excellent sound reduction and maintaining effective terminal performance with subsonic loads.
7.2. Enhanced Terminal Ballistics
The fast 1:3″ twist rate of the 8.6 Blackout enhances terminal ballistics, causing rapid bullet expansion and significant tissue disruption upon impact.
7.3. Ideal for Short-Barreled Rifles
The 8.6 Blackout is designed for use in short-barreled rifles, achieving complete powder burn and minimizing muzzle flash, making it ideal for compact and maneuverable firearms.
7.4. Versatile Applications
The 8.6 Blackout is versatile, capable of both supersonic and subsonic performance, making it suitable for a wide range of applications, from tactical scenarios to hunting.
8. Advantages of .338 Federal
The .338 Federal also offers unique advantages that make it a strong contender for certain applications.
8.1. Higher Velocity and Flatter Trajectory
The .338 Federal delivers higher velocities and a flatter trajectory, making it easier to engage targets at longer distances.
8.2. Proven Hunting Cartridge
The .338 Federal has a proven track record as a hunting cartridge, effective for medium to large game at moderate ranges.
8.3. Wider Availability
The .338 Federal has been commercially available for a longer period, resulting in broader availability of ammo and components.
8.4. Moderate Cost
The .338 Federal is generally more affordable than the 8.6 Blackout, making it a cost-effective option for those who shoot frequently.
9. Disadvantages of 8.6 Blackout
Despite its strengths, the 8.6 Blackout has some drawbacks to consider.
9.1. Limited Range
The 8.6 Blackout, particularly in subsonic configurations, has a limited effective range compared to the .338 Federal.
9.2. Higher Cost and Lower Availability
The 8.6 Blackout is a newer cartridge, resulting in higher costs and lower availability of ammo and components.
9.3. Specialized Twist Rate Requirement
The 8.6 Blackout requires a specialized 1:3″ twist rate, limiting the availability of compatible firearms and barrels.
10. Disadvantages of .338 Federal
The .338 Federal also has some limitations that may make it less suitable for certain applications.
10.1. Not Optimized for Suppressed Shooting
The .338 Federal is not optimized for suppressed shooting, offering less sound reduction compared to the 8.6 Blackout in a subsonic configuration.
10.2. Less Effective in Short Barrels
The .338 Federal may experience a greater loss of velocity and increased muzzle flash when used in short-barreled rifles.
10.3. Recoil
The .338 Federal has more recoil compared to the 8.6 Blackout, which can be a factor for some shooters.
11. Real-World Performance Examples
To illustrate the capabilities of each cartridge, let’s examine some real-world performance examples.
11.1. Hunting with .338 Federal
A hunter using a .338 Federal successfully harvests an elk at 300 yards with a single shot. The bullet penetrates deeply and expands effectively, resulting in a quick and ethical kill.
11.2. Tactical Application of 8.6 Blackout
A law enforcement officer using an 8.6 Blackout in a suppressed short-barreled rifle engages a threat in a close-quarters environment. The subsonic round delivers significant terminal ballistics while minimizing noise, providing a tactical advantage.
11.3. Subsonic Precision with 8.6 Blackout
A marksman uses an 8.6 Blackout with subsonic ammunition to engage targets at 150 yards with exceptional accuracy. The suppressed rifle allows for discreet shooting without disturbing the surrounding environment.
12. Expert Opinions and Reviews
Gaining insights from experts and reading reviews can further inform your decision-making process.
12.1. Gun Magazine Reviews
Gun magazine reviews often highlight the .338 Federal as a reliable and effective hunting cartridge, praising its accuracy and terminal performance.
12.2. Online Forums
Online forums dedicated to firearms enthusiasts often discuss the 8.6 Blackout’s unique capabilities, particularly its performance in suppressed rifles and its impressive terminal ballistics.
12.3. Professional Shooter Assessments
Professional shooters who have used both cartridges often note that the .338 Federal is better suited for longer-range hunting, while the 8.6 Blackout excels in close-quarters tactical scenarios and suppressed shooting.
13. Comparative Table: 8.6 Blackout vs .338 Federal
To summarize the key differences and similarities, here is a comparative table:
| Feature | 8.6 Blackout | .338 Federal |
|---|---|---|
| Case Origin | Shortened 6.5 Creedmoor | Necked-up .308 Winchester |
| Bullet Diameter | .338 inches | .338 inches |
| Typical Bullet Weight | 200-350 grains | 180-210 grains |
| Velocity | 1,000-2,400 fps | 2,500-2,800 fps |
| Twist Rate | 1:3″ | 1:10″ to 1:12″ |
| Effective Range | Up to 200 yards | Up to 400 yards |
| Primary Use | Suppressed Shooting, CQB | Hunting, Long-Range Shooting |
| Availability | Lower, Newer | Higher, Established |
| Cost | Higher | Moderate |
| Recoil | Lower | Higher |
| Terminal Ballistics | Enhanced, Rapid Expansion | Effective, Reliable Expansion |
14. Making the Right Choice for Your Needs
Choosing between the 8.6 Blackout and .338 Federal depends on your specific needs and priorities.
14.1. Consider Your Primary Use
If your primary use is hunting medium to large game at longer ranges, the .338 Federal may be the better choice. If you prioritize suppressed shooting, CQB scenarios, or short-barreled rifles, the 8.6 Blackout is likely the better option.
14.2. Evaluate Your Budget
Consider your budget, as the 8.6 Blackout is generally more expensive than the .338 Federal.
14.3. Assess Availability
Assess the availability of ammo and components in your area, as the 8.6 Blackout may be harder to find.
14.4. Prioritize Performance Characteristics
Prioritize the performance characteristics that are most important to you, such as velocity, trajectory, terminal ballistics, and recoil.
15. The Future of 8.6 Blackout and .338 Federal
Both the 8.6 Blackout and .338 Federal have a place in the world of ammunition, and their future will depend on market trends and technological advancements.
15.1. Continued Development
Continued development of new loads and platforms for both cartridges will likely expand their applications and appeal to a broader audience.
15.2. Market Trends
Market trends, such as the growing popularity of suppressed shooting and short-barreled rifles, may favor the 8.6 Blackout.
15.3. Technological Advancements
Technological advancements in bullet design and powder technology could further enhance the performance of both cartridges.
16. Finding More Comparisons at COMPARE.EDU.VN
At COMPARE.EDU.VN, we understand the importance of making informed decisions when it comes to firearms and ammunition. We offer a wide range of detailed comparisons to help you choose the right products for your needs.
16.1. Explore Our Ammunition Comparisons
Explore our ammunition comparisons to find detailed analyses of various cartridges, including the 8.6 Blackout and .338 Federal.
16.2. Read Expert Reviews
Read expert reviews to gain insights from industry professionals and experienced shooters.
16.3. Compare Firearms
Compare firearms to find the best platform for your chosen cartridge.
16.4. Stay Updated
Stay updated with the latest news and developments in the firearms industry.
17. Conclusion: 8.6 Blackout or .338 Federal?
In conclusion, the choice between the 8.6 Blackout and .338 Federal depends on your specific needs and priorities. The 8.6 Blackout excels in suppressed shooting, CQB scenarios, and short-barreled rifles, while the .338 Federal is a proven hunting cartridge with a flatter trajectory and wider availability.
By understanding the strengths and weaknesses of each cartridge, you can make an informed decision and choose the right option for your shooting needs.
COMPARE.EDU.VN is committed to providing you with the information you need to make the best choices.
18. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
18.1. What is the primary difference between 8.6 Blackout and .338 Federal?
The primary difference lies in their intended use: 8.6 Blackout is optimized for suppressed shooting and short-barreled rifles, while .338 Federal is designed for hunting at longer ranges.
18.2. Which cartridge is better for hunting deer?
Both can be effective for deer hunting, but .338 Federal may be better suited for longer-range shots in open terrain, while 8.6 Blackout is effective at shorter ranges, especially in wooded areas.
18.3. Can I use a suppressor with .338 Federal?
Yes, you can use a suppressor with .338 Federal, but the sound reduction will not be as significant as with 8.6 Blackout in a subsonic configuration.
18.4. What is the ideal barrel length for 8.6 Blackout?
8.6 Blackout is optimized for short-barreled rifles, with ideal barrel lengths ranging from 8 to 12 inches.
18.5. Is 8.6 Blackout a good choice for home defense?
Yes, 8.6 Blackout can be a good choice for home defense due to its effectiveness in close-quarters combat and its ability to deliver significant terminal ballistics.
18.6. What is the effective range of .338 Federal?
The effective range of .338 Federal is typically up to 400 yards, making it suitable for longer-range hunting and shooting scenarios.
18.7. Are 8.6 Blackout and .338 Federal compatible with AR-15 platforms?
No, both cartridges are typically used in AR-10 platforms or bolt-action rifles due to their larger size.
18.8. Which cartridge has less recoil?
8.6 Blackout generally has less recoil compared to .338 Federal, making it more comfortable to shoot for some individuals.
18.9. Where can I find reliable information about reloading data for 8.6 Blackout?
Reliable information about reloading data for 8.6 Blackout can be found on websites like Faxon Firearms and in reloading manuals.
18.10. How does the 1:3″ twist rate affect the performance of 8.6 Blackout?
The 1:3″ twist rate stabilizes heavy bullets and enhances terminal ballistics by causing rapid bullet expansion and significant tissue disruption upon impact.
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