A 72 mph fastball in softball is often compared to a much faster pitch in baseball due to the shorter pitching distance in softball. This article explores the physics behind this comparison and explains why a 72 mph softball pitch is more challenging than it seems.
Commentators frequently draw parallels between softball and baseball pitch speeds, often stating that a 60 mph fastball in softball is equivalent to a 95 mph fastball in baseball. But how accurate are these comparisons, and what’s the science behind them?
Understanding the Physics: Distance and Reaction Time
The key to understanding the difference lies in the pitching distance. In softball, the distance from the pitcher’s mound to home plate is significantly shorter than in baseball (43 feet in softball vs. 60.5 feet in baseball). This shorter distance drastically reduces the batter’s reaction time.
A 72 mph softball pitch, released approximately 6 feet from the rubber, travels roughly 37 feet to reach the plate. Using the formula Distance = Speed x Time, we can calculate the reaction time for the batter. A 72 mph pitch covers 37 feet in approximately 0.38 seconds, giving the batter significantly less time to react compared to a baseball batter.
In baseball, a pitcher with an average stride length releases the ball roughly 7 feet from the rubber, resulting in a 53.5-foot pitching distance. To achieve the same 0.38-second reaction time as a 72 mph softball pitch, a baseball would need to be thrown at approximately 99 mph.
Calculating Equivalent Speeds: Softball to Baseball
To understand the relationship between softball and baseball pitch speeds, consider the reaction time. While radar guns measure the speed of the pitch as it leaves the pitcher’s hand, the effective speed perceived by the batter is more relevant. A pitch slows down as it travels through the air. Therefore, comparing equivalent reaction times provides a more accurate comparison.
While a direct speed conversion isn’t perfectly linear, a good rule of thumb is that for every 10 mph increase in softball pitch speed, the equivalent baseball speed increases by roughly 16-17 mph. This accounts for the difference in pitching distance and resultant reaction time.
Measuring Speed: Beyond the Radar Gun
While radar guns provide initial speed readings, alternative methods like video analysis can offer insights into average pitch speed and the actual speed the batter faces. By analyzing video frame by frame and knowing the distance from release point to home plate, average speed can be calculated.
Conclusion: 72 mph in Softball Packs a Punch
A 72 mph fastball in softball, due to the shorter pitching distance, presents a significant challenge to batters. It requires exceptional reflexes and hand-eye coordination to hit successfully. When compared to baseball, a 72 mph softball pitch is equivalent to a high-90s fastball, highlighting the impressive skill and athleticism of softball pitchers.
